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1 | > **DRAFT** — under teacher review. |
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| 2 | ||||||||
| 3 | # Essential Terms — C02 |
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| 4 | ||||||||
| 5 | Hamilton College · Year 12 · 2026 |
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| 6 | ||||||||
| 7 | A glossary of every term you need to recognise and use correctly across C02. Click a term to expand its definition. Use this as a vocabulary self-check before your C2-1 (Poster Peer-Assessment) and C2-2 (Hand-Drawn Diagrams) validations — if you can't define a term in your own words, you can't defend it under questioning. |
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| 8 | ||||||||
| 9 | --- |
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| 10 | ||||||||
| 11 | ## Topics covered |
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13 | - **Data collection** — interviews, surveys, observations, reports; qualitative vs quantitative data |
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| 14 | - **Analytical tools** — context diagrams, data flow diagrams, use case diagrams |
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15 | |||||||
| 16 | --- |
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| 17 | ||||||||
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18 | ## Data Collection |
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| 19 | ||||||||
| 20 | >| ### Close-ended questions |
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| 21 | >| Questions that can be answered with a finite set of responses |
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| 22 | ||||||||
| 23 | >| ### Data |
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| 24 | >| Raw, unprocessed facts and figures |
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| 25 | ||||||||
| 26 | >| ### Interview |
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| 27 | >| A face-to-face meeting between people for consultative purposes |
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| 28 | ||||||||
| 29 | >| ### Observation |
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| 30 | >| A method of data collection that involves physically observing how a system operates and how it is used |
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| 31 | ||||||||
| 32 | >| ### Open-ended questions |
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| 33 | >| Questions where the number of potential answers is infinite |
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| 34 | ||||||||
| 35 | >| ### Qualitative data |
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| 36 | >| Data that consists of descriptive details, usually gathered via surveys or interviews |
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| 37 | ||||||||
| 38 | >| ### Quantitative data |
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| 39 | >| Data that can be easily processed in a statistical manner, usually composed of definite numbers |
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| 40 | ||||||||
| 41 | >| ### Report |
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| 42 | >| A written document providing a summary or finding in relation to the context or system being analysed |
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| 43 | ||||||||
| 44 | >| ### Survey |
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| 45 | >| A set of questions that ask for a response to be selected from a list of alternatives |
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| 46 | ||||||||
| 47 | --- |
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| 48 | ||||||||
| 49 | ## Analytical Tools |
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50 | |||||||
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51 | >| ### Actor |
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| 52 | >| An entity that can interact with the software solution as shown in a use case diagram |
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53 | |||||||
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54 | >| ### Association |
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| 55 | >| A relationship between two elements in a use case diagram |
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56 | |||||||
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57 | >| ### Context diagram |
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| 58 | >| A visualisation of a system in its entirety that indicates the data that is passed into and out of the system |
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59 | |||||||
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60 | >| ### Data flow |
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| 61 | >| The movement of a piece or collection of data within an information system, as shown in context diagrams and data flow diagrams (DFDs) |
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62 | |||||||
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63 | >| ### Data flow diagram (DFD) |
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| 64 | >| A graphical visualisation of the flow of information within a system, including data provided by external entities |
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65 | |||||||
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66 | >| ### Data store |
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| 67 | >| A representation of a collection of data that is stored in some way within a system |
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68 | |||||||
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69 | >| ### Entity |
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| 70 | >| The users or external systems that interact with the system being created |
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71 | |||||||
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72 | >| ### Extend |
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| 73 | >| A relationship between use cases where one use case has optional or additional functionality, which is represented in a use case diagram as a second use case |
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74 | |||||||
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75 | >| ### Generalisation |
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| 76 | >| A parent-child relationship between two elements in a use case diagram |
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77 | |||||||
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78 | >| ### Include |
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| 79 | >| A relationship between use cases where one use case is tied to, or relies upon, the functionality contained within another use case |
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80 | |||||||
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81 | >| ### Process (context diagram) |
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| 82 | >| An abstract representation of the whole system being created |
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83 | |||||||
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84 | >| ### Process (data flow diagram) |
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| 85 | >| An abstract representation of a function within a system |
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86 | |||||||
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87 | >| ### Relationship |
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| 88 | >| The connections between elements within a use case diagram |
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89 | |||||||
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90 | >| ### System boundary |
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| 91 | >| A rectangle around relevant use cases that indicates the use cases that are within the scope of the solution |
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92 | |||||||
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93 | >| ### Unified Modeling Language (UML) |
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| 94 | >| A general-purpose visual modelling language |
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95 | |||||||
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96 | >| ### Use case |
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| 97 | >| A representation of the transactions or functions a user (actor) can complete in a system, as shown in a use case diagram |
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98 | |||||||
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99 | >| ### Use case diagram (UCD) |
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| 100 | >| A method of describing how a user interacts with a system, using Unified Modeling Language (UML) |
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101 | |||||||
| 102 | --- |
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| 103 | ||||||||
| 104 | ## See also |
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| 106 | - [Context Diagram](Context%20Diagram.md) — the highest-level view of your system |
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| 107 | - [Context Diagram vs Data Flow Diagram](Context%20Diagram%20vs%20Data%20Flow%20Diagram.md) — what changes between Level 0 and Level 1 |
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| 108 | - [What Is an Entity](What%20Is%20an%20Entity.md) — entities aren't only people |
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| 109 | - [Excalidraw Diagram Starters](Excalidraw%20Diagram%20Starters.md) — pre-framed canvases for rehearsing all three diagrams |
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