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1 | <!-- Generated from applied-computing-au vic/unit3-4/sat/C08-2026/C08-essential-terms.md by port-reference-godot-to-wiki.py — do not hand-edit; re-run the port. --> |
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| 2 | # Essential Terms — C08 |
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| 3 | ||||||||
| 4 | The Hamilton and Alexandra College · Year 12 · 2026 |
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| 5 | ||||||||
| 6 | A glossary of every term you need to recognise and use correctly across C08. Click a term to expand its definition. If you cannot define a term in your own words, you cannot use it with confidence when it counts. |
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| 7 | ||||||||
| 8 | ```mermaid |
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| 9 | flowchart TD |
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| 10 | R["C08 vocabulary<br/>22 terms"] |
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| 11 | R --> G0["Debugging techniques<br/>6 terms"] |
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| 12 | R --> G1["Alpha testing<br/>2 terms"] |
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| 13 | R --> G2["Test cases, test data, expected results<br/>5 terms"] |
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| 14 | R --> G3["Error types<br/>8 terms"] |
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| 15 | R --> G4["Design modifications<br/>1 term"] |
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| 16 | ``` |
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| 17 | ||||||||
| 18 | *Where the C08 vocabulary sits, and how much of it is in each group — the 5 sections below follow the same order. Revise the heavy groups first.* |
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| 19 | ||||||||
| 20 | --- |
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| 21 | ||||||||
| 22 | ## Debugging techniques |
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| 23 | ||||||||
| 24 | >| ### Breakpoint |
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| 25 | >| A debugging tool that allows the execution of a program to be paused at a specific point to allow a programmer to inspect the current state of the program and diagnose any issues. |
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| 26 | ||||||||
| 27 | >| ### Debugging |
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| 28 | >| The process of identifying, analysing and removing errors or bugs from software. |
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| 29 | ||||||||
| 30 | >| ### Debugging statement |
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| 31 | >| A line of code inserted into a program to output information about the program's execution. |
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| 32 | ||||||||
| 33 | >| ### Desk checking |
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| 34 | >| A manual process where a programmer reviews and traces through their code to verify its correctness and logic. |
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| 35 | ||||||||
| 36 | >| ### Trace table |
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| 37 | >| A tool used in programming and algorithm analysis to track the values of variables at each step of the execution of a program or algorithm. |
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| 38 | ||||||||
| 39 | >| ### Truth table |
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| 40 | >| A table used to represent all of the combinations of values for inputs and their outputs, typically used to test conditional statements. |
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| 41 | ||||||||
| 42 | --- |
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| 43 | ||||||||
| 44 | ## Alpha testing |
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| 45 | ||||||||
| 46 | >| ### Alpha testing |
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| 47 | >| An early stage of testing conducted by the development team within the development environment. |
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| 48 | ||||||||
| 49 | >| ### Testing table |
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| 50 | >| A commonly used way to record evidence of functionality testing. |
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| 51 | ||||||||
| 52 | --- |
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| 53 | ||||||||
| 54 | ## Test cases, test data, expected results |
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| 55 | ||||||||
| 56 | >| ### Boundary values |
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| 57 | >| The maximum and minimum edge values possible for a given input. |
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| 58 | ||||||||
| 59 | >| ### Expected results |
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| 60 | >| The output expected from an algorithm, assuming it is logically correct. |
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| 61 | ||||||||
| 62 | >| ### Test case |
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| 63 | >| A set of steps that a tester uses to determine if the element being tested works correctly, often outlining test data, testing procedures, and expected results. |
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| 64 | ||||||||
| 65 | >| ### Test data |
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| 66 | >| Data that has been specifically identified to be used in a test case. |
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| 67 | ||||||||
| 68 | >| ### Validation |
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| 69 | >| Checks the reasonableness of data inputs. |
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| 70 | ||||||||
| 71 | --- |
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| 72 | ||||||||
| 73 | ## Error types |
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| 74 | ||||||||
| 75 | >| ### Divide by zero error |
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| 76 | >| An error occurring when an arithmetic equation is attempting to divide by 0. |
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| 77 | ||||||||
| 78 | >| ### Index out of range |
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| 79 | >| An error that occurs when attempting to access an element of an array using an index that is outside the valid range of indices for that array. |
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| 80 | ||||||||
| 81 | >| ### Infinite loop |
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| 82 | >| An iteration that will never reach the condition upon which it can terminate. |
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| 83 | ||||||||
| 84 | >| ### Logic error |
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| 85 | >| When source code is syntactically correct but contains an error resulting in unintended, undesirable, or incorrect output. |
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| 86 | ||||||||
| 87 | >| ### Overflow error |
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| 88 | >| An error that occurs when a calculation exceeds the maximum limit that a data type can represent. |
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| 89 | ||||||||
| 90 | >| ### Runtime error |
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| 91 | >| An error that occurs while a program is running, including overflow, index out of range, type mismatch, and divide by zero. |
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| 92 | ||||||||
| 93 | >| ### Syntax error |
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| 94 | >| Often a typographical error in source code that violates the set of rules that define a programming language. |
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| 95 | ||||||||
| 96 | >| ### Type mismatch |
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| 97 | >| When a function or method receives an argument of an unexpected data type leading to errors or unintended behavior. |
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| 98 | ||||||||
| 99 | --- |
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| 100 | ||||||||
| 101 | ## Design modifications |
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| 102 | ||||||||
| 103 | >| ### Design modification |
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| 104 | >| A change made to the planned design of a solution during the development stage in response to issues identified through testing, debugging or changing requirements. |
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| 105 | ||||||||
| 106 | --- |
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| 107 | ||||||||
| 108 | ## See also |
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| 109 | ||||||||
| 110 | - [C08 home page](/sd/C08/C08-home) — everything else for this criterion |
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